['parsedFiles'], 'Drupal\Core\DependencyInjection\YamlFileLoader' => ['yaml'], 'Drupal\Core\Extension\ExtensionDiscovery' => ['files'], 'Drupal\Core\Extension\InfoParser' => ['parsedInfos'], // Drupal::$container cannot be serialized. 'Drupal' => ['container'], // Settings cannot be serialized. 'Drupal\Core\Site\Settings' => ['instance'], ]; /** * {@inheritdoc} * * Do not forward any global state from the parent process to the processes * that run the actual tests. * * @see self::runTestInSeparateProcess */ protected $preserveGlobalState = FALSE; /** * @var \Composer\Autoload\Classloader */ protected $classLoader; /** * @var string */ protected $siteDirectory; /** * @var string */ protected $databasePrefix; /** * @var \Drupal\Core\DependencyInjection\ContainerBuilder */ protected $container; /** * Modules to enable. * * The test runner will merge the $modules lists from this class, the class * it extends, and so on up the class hierarchy. It is not necessary to * include modules in your list that a parent class has already declared. * * @see \Drupal\Tests\KernelTestBase::enableModules() * @see \Drupal\Tests\KernelTestBase::bootKernel() * * @var array */ protected static $modules = []; /** * The virtual filesystem root directory. * * @var \org\bovigo\vfs\vfsStreamDirectory */ protected $vfsRoot; /** * @var int */ protected $expectedLogSeverity; /** * @var string */ protected $expectedLogMessage; /** * @todo Move into Config test base class. * @var \Drupal\Core\Config\ConfigImporter */ protected $configImporter; /** * The app root. * * @var string */ protected $root; /** * Set to TRUE to strict check all configuration saved. * * @see \Drupal\Core\Config\Development\ConfigSchemaChecker * * @var bool */ protected $strictConfigSchema = TRUE; /** * An array of config object names that are excluded from schema checking. * * @var string[] */ protected static $configSchemaCheckerExclusions = [ // Following are used to test lack of or partial schema. Where partial // schema is provided, that is explicitly tested in specific tests. 'config_schema_test.noschema', 'config_schema_test.someschema', 'config_schema_test.schema_data_types', 'config_schema_test.no_schema_data_types', // Used to test application of schema to filtering of configuration. 'config_test.dynamic.system', ]; /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public static function setUpBeforeClass() { parent::setUpBeforeClass(); // Change the current dir to DRUPAL_ROOT. chdir(static::getDrupalRoot()); } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ protected function setUp() { parent::setUp(); $this->root = static::getDrupalRoot(); $this->initFileCache(); $this->bootEnvironment(); $this->bootKernel(); } /** * Bootstraps a basic test environment. * * Should not be called by tests. Only visible for DrupalKernel integration * tests. * * @see \Drupal\KernelTests\Core\DrupalKernel\DrupalKernelTest * @internal */ protected function bootEnvironment() { $this->streamWrappers = []; \Drupal::unsetContainer(); $this->classLoader = require $this->root . '/autoload.php'; require_once $this->root . '/core/includes/bootstrap.inc'; // Set up virtual filesystem. Database::addConnectionInfo('default', 'test-runner', $this->getDatabaseConnectionInfo()['default']); $test_db = new TestDatabase(); $this->siteDirectory = $test_db->getTestSitePath(); // Ensure that all code that relies on drupal_valid_test_ua() can still be // safely executed. This primarily affects the (test) site directory // resolution (used by e.g. LocalStream and PhpStorage). $this->databasePrefix = $test_db->getDatabasePrefix(); drupal_valid_test_ua($this->databasePrefix); $settings = [ 'hash_salt' => get_class($this), 'file_public_path' => $this->siteDirectory . '/files', // Disable Twig template caching/dumping. 'twig_cache' => FALSE, // @see \Drupal\KernelTests\KernelTestBase::register() ]; new Settings($settings); $this->setUpFilesystem(); foreach (Database::getAllConnectionInfo() as $key => $targets) { Database::removeConnection($key); } Database::addConnectionInfo('default', 'default', $this->getDatabaseConnectionInfo()['default']); } /** * Sets up the filesystem, so things like the file directory. */ protected function setUpFilesystem() { $test_db = new TestDatabase($this->databasePrefix); $test_site_path = $test_db->getTestSitePath(); $this->vfsRoot = vfsStream::setup('root'); $this->vfsRoot->addChild(vfsStream::newDirectory($test_site_path)); $this->siteDirectory = vfsStream::url('root/' . $test_site_path); mkdir($this->siteDirectory . '/files', 0775); mkdir($this->siteDirectory . '/files/config/' . CONFIG_SYNC_DIRECTORY, 0775, TRUE); $settings = Settings::getInstance() ? Settings::getAll() : []; $settings['file_public_path'] = $this->siteDirectory . '/files'; new Settings($settings); $GLOBALS['config_directories'] = [ CONFIG_SYNC_DIRECTORY => $this->siteDirectory . '/files/config/sync', ]; } /** * @return string */ public function getDatabasePrefix() { return $this->databasePrefix; } /** * Bootstraps a kernel for a test. */ private function bootKernel() { $this->setSetting('container_yamls', []); // Allow for test-specific overrides. $settings_services_file = $this->root . '/sites/default/testing.services.yml'; if (file_exists($settings_services_file)) { // Copy the testing-specific service overrides in place. $testing_services_file = $this->siteDirectory . '/services.yml'; copy($settings_services_file, $testing_services_file); $this->setSetting('container_yamls', [$testing_services_file]); } // Allow for global test environment overrides. if (file_exists($test_env = $this->root . '/sites/default/testing.services.yml')) { $GLOBALS['conf']['container_yamls']['testing'] = $test_env; } // Add this test class as a service provider. $GLOBALS['conf']['container_service_providers']['test'] = $this; $modules = self::getModulesToEnable(get_class($this)); // Prepare a precompiled container for all tests of this class. // Substantially improves performance, since ContainerBuilder::compile() // is very expensive. Encourages testing best practices (small tests). // Normally a setUpBeforeClass() operation, but object scope is required to // inject $this test class instance as a service provider (see above). $rc = new \ReflectionClass(get_class($this)); $test_method_count = count(array_filter($rc->getMethods(), function ($method) { // PHPUnit's @test annotations are intentionally ignored/not supported. return strpos($method->getName(), 'test') === 0; })); // Bootstrap the kernel. Do not use createFromRequest() to retain Settings. $kernel = new DrupalKernel('testing', $this->classLoader, FALSE); $kernel->setSitePath($this->siteDirectory); // Boot a new one-time container from scratch. Ensure to set the module list // upfront to avoid a subsequent rebuild. if ($modules && $extensions = $this->getExtensionsForModules($modules)) { $kernel->updateModules($extensions, $extensions); } // DrupalKernel::boot() is not sufficient as it does not invoke preHandle(), // which is required to initialize legacy global variables. $request = Request::create('/'); $kernel->prepareLegacyRequest($request); // register() is only called if a new container was built/compiled. $this->container = $kernel->getContainer(); // Ensure database tasks have been run. require_once __DIR__ . '/../../../includes/install.inc'; $connection = Database::getConnection(); $errors = db_installer_object($connection->driver())->runTasks(); if (!empty($errors)) { $this->fail('Failed to run installer database tasks: ' . implode(', ', $errors)); } if ($modules) { $this->container->get('module_handler')->loadAll(); } $this->container->get('request_stack')->push($request); // Setup the destion to the be frontpage by default. \Drupal::destination()->set('/'); // Write the core.extension configuration. // Required for ConfigInstaller::installDefaultConfig() to work. $this->container->get('config.storage')->write('core.extension', [ 'module' => array_fill_keys($modules, 0), 'theme' => [], 'profile' => '', ]); $settings = Settings::getAll(); $settings['php_storage']['default'] = [ 'class' => '\Drupal\Component\PhpStorage\FileStorage', ]; new Settings($settings); // Manually configure the test mail collector implementation to prevent // tests from sending out emails and collect them in state instead. // While this should be enforced via settings.php prior to installation, // some tests expect to be able to test mail system implementations. $GLOBALS['config']['system.mail']['interface']['default'] = 'test_mail_collector'; // Manually configure the default file scheme so that modules that use file // functions don't have to install system and its configuration. // @see file_default_scheme() $GLOBALS['config']['system.file']['default_scheme'] = 'public'; } /** * Configuration accessor for tests. Returns non-overridden configuration. * * @param string $name * The configuration name. * * @return \Drupal\Core\Config\Config * The configuration object with original configuration data. */ protected function config($name) { return $this->container->get('config.factory')->getEditable($name); } /** * Returns the Database connection info to be used for this test. * * This method only exists for tests of the Database component itself, because * they require multiple database connections. Each SQLite :memory: connection * creates a new/separate database in memory. A shared-memory SQLite file URI * triggers PHP open_basedir/allow_url_fopen/allow_url_include restrictions. * Due to that, Database tests are running against a SQLite database that is * located in an actual file in the system's temporary directory. * * Other tests should not override this method. * * @return array * A Database connection info array. * * @internal */ protected function getDatabaseConnectionInfo() { // If the test is run with argument dburl then use it. $db_url = getenv('SIMPLETEST_DB'); if (empty($db_url)) { throw new \Exception('There is no database connection so no tests can be run. You must provide a SIMPLETEST_DB environment variable to run PHPUnit based functional tests outside of run-tests.sh. See https://www.drupal.org/node/2116263#skipped-tests for more information.'); } else { $database = Database::convertDbUrlToConnectionInfo($db_url, $this->root); Database::addConnectionInfo('default', 'default', $database); } // Clone the current connection and replace the current prefix. $connection_info = Database::getConnectionInfo('default'); if (!empty($connection_info)) { Database::renameConnection('default', 'simpletest_original_default'); foreach ($connection_info as $target => $value) { // Replace the full table prefix definition to ensure that no table // prefixes of the test runner leak into the test. $connection_info[$target]['prefix'] = [ 'default' => $value['prefix']['default'] . $this->databasePrefix, ]; } } return $connection_info; } /** * Initializes the FileCache component. * * We can not use the Settings object in a component, that's why we have to do * it here instead of \Drupal\Component\FileCache\FileCacheFactory. */ protected function initFileCache() { $configuration = Settings::get('file_cache'); // Provide a default configuration, if not set. if (!isset($configuration['default'])) { // @todo Use extension_loaded('apcu') for non-testbot // https://www.drupal.org/node/2447753. if (function_exists('apcu_fetch')) { $configuration['default']['cache_backend_class'] = ApcuFileCacheBackend::class; } } FileCacheFactory::setConfiguration($configuration); FileCacheFactory::setPrefix(Settings::getApcuPrefix('file_cache', $this->root)); } /** * Returns Extension objects for $modules to enable. * * @param string[] $modules * The list of modules to enable. * * @return \Drupal\Core\Extension\Extension[] * Extension objects for $modules, keyed by module name. * * @throws \PHPUnit_Framework_Exception * If a module is not available. * * @see \Drupal\Tests\KernelTestBase::enableModules() * @see \Drupal\Core\Extension\ModuleHandler::add() */ private function getExtensionsForModules(array $modules) { $extensions = []; $discovery = new ExtensionDiscovery($this->root); $discovery->setProfileDirectories([]); $list = $discovery->scan('module'); foreach ($modules as $name) { if (!isset($list[$name])) { throw new \PHPUnit_Framework_Exception("Unavailable module: '$name'. If this module needs to be downloaded separately, annotate the test class with '@requires module $name'."); } $extensions[$name] = $list[$name]; } return $extensions; } /** * Registers test-specific services. * * Extend this method in your test to register additional services. This * method is called whenever the kernel is rebuilt. * * @param \Drupal\Core\DependencyInjection\ContainerBuilder $container * The service container to enhance. * * @see \Drupal\Tests\KernelTestBase::bootKernel() */ public function register(ContainerBuilder $container) { // Keep the container object around for tests. $this->container = $container; $container ->register('flood', 'Drupal\Core\Flood\MemoryBackend') ->addArgument(new Reference('request_stack')); $container ->register('lock', 'Drupal\Core\Lock\NullLockBackend'); $container ->register('cache_factory', 'Drupal\Core\Cache\MemoryBackendFactory'); $container ->register('keyvalue.memory', 'Drupal\Core\KeyValueStore\KeyValueMemoryFactory') // Must persist container rebuilds, or all data would vanish otherwise. ->addTag('persist'); $container ->setAlias('keyvalue', 'keyvalue.memory'); // Set the default language on the minimal container. $container->setParameter('language.default_values', Language::$defaultValues); if ($this->strictConfigSchema) { $container ->register('simpletest.config_schema_checker', ConfigSchemaChecker::class) ->addArgument(new Reference('config.typed')) ->addArgument($this->getConfigSchemaExclusions()) ->addTag('event_subscriber'); } if ($container->hasDefinition('path_processor_alias')) { // Prevent the alias-based path processor, which requires a url_alias db // table, from being registered to the path processor manager. We do this // by removing the tags that the compiler pass looks for. This means the // url generator can safely be used within tests. $container->getDefinition('path_processor_alias') ->clearTag('path_processor_inbound') ->clearTag('path_processor_outbound'); } if ($container->hasDefinition('password')) { $container->getDefinition('password') ->setArguments([1]); } TestServiceProvider::addRouteProvider($container); } /** * Gets the config schema exclusions for this test. * * @return string[] * An array of config object names that are excluded from schema checking. */ protected function getConfigSchemaExclusions() { $class = get_class($this); $exceptions = []; while ($class) { if (property_exists($class, 'configSchemaCheckerExclusions')) { $exceptions = array_merge($exceptions, $class::$configSchemaCheckerExclusions); } $class = get_parent_class($class); } // Filter out any duplicates. return array_unique($exceptions); } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ protected function assertPostConditions() { // Execute registered Drupal shutdown functions prior to tearing down. // @see _drupal_shutdown_function() $callbacks = &drupal_register_shutdown_function(); while ($callback = array_shift($callbacks)) { call_user_func_array($callback['callback'], $callback['arguments']); } // Shut down the kernel (if bootKernel() was called). // @see \Drupal\KernelTests\Core\DrupalKernel\DrupalKernelTest if ($this->container) { $this->container->get('kernel')->shutdown(); } // Fail in case any (new) shutdown functions exist. $this->assertCount(0, drupal_register_shutdown_function(), 'Unexpected Drupal shutdown callbacks exist after running shutdown functions.'); parent::assertPostConditions(); } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ protected function tearDown() { // Destroy the testing kernel. if (isset($this->kernel)) { $this->kernel->shutdown(); } // Remove all prefixed tables. $original_connection_info = Database::getConnectionInfo('simpletest_original_default'); $original_prefix = $original_connection_info['default']['prefix']['default']; $test_connection_info = Database::getConnectionInfo('default'); $test_prefix = $test_connection_info['default']['prefix']['default']; if ($original_prefix != $test_prefix) { $tables = Database::getConnection()->schema()->findTables('%'); foreach ($tables as $table) { if (Database::getConnection()->schema()->dropTable($table)) { unset($tables[$table]); } } } // Free up memory: Own properties. $this->classLoader = NULL; $this->vfsRoot = NULL; $this->configImporter = NULL; // Free up memory: Custom test class properties. // Note: Private properties cannot be cleaned up. $rc = new \ReflectionClass(__CLASS__); $blacklist = []; foreach ($rc->getProperties() as $property) { $blacklist[$property->name] = $property->getDeclaringClass()->name; } $rc = new \ReflectionClass($this); foreach ($rc->getProperties(\ReflectionProperty::IS_PUBLIC | \ReflectionProperty::IS_PROTECTED) as $property) { if (!$property->isStatic() && !isset($blacklist[$property->name])) { $this->{$property->name} = NULL; } } // Clean FileCache cache. FileCache::reset(); // Clean up statics, container, and settings. if (function_exists('drupal_static_reset')) { drupal_static_reset(); } \Drupal::unsetContainer(); $this->container = NULL; new Settings([]); parent::tearDown(); } /** * @after * * Additional tear down method to close the connection at the end. */ public function tearDownCloseDatabaseConnection() { // Destroy the database connection, which for example removes the memory // from sqlite in memory. foreach (Database::getAllConnectionInfo() as $key => $targets) { Database::removeConnection($key); } } /** * Installs default configuration for a given list of modules. * * @param string|string[] $modules * A module or list of modules for which to install default configuration. * * @throws \LogicException * If any module in $modules is not enabled. */ protected function installConfig($modules) { foreach ((array) $modules as $module) { if (!$this->container->get('module_handler')->moduleExists($module)) { throw new \LogicException("$module module is not enabled."); } $this->container->get('config.installer')->installDefaultConfig('module', $module); } } /** * Installs database tables from a module schema definition. * * @param string $module * The name of the module that defines the table's schema. * @param string|array $tables * The name or an array of the names of the tables to install. * * @throws \LogicException * If $module is not enabled or the table schema cannot be found. */ protected function installSchema($module, $tables) { // drupal_get_module_schema() is technically able to install a schema // of a non-enabled module, but its ability to load the module's .install // file depends on many other factors. To prevent differences in test // behavior and non-reproducible test failures, we only allow the schema of // explicitly loaded/enabled modules to be installed. if (!$this->container->get('module_handler')->moduleExists($module)) { throw new \LogicException("$module module is not enabled."); } $tables = (array) $tables; foreach ($tables as $table) { $schema = drupal_get_module_schema($module, $table); if (empty($schema)) { // BC layer to avoid some contrib tests to fail. // @todo Remove the BC layer before 8.1.x release. // @see https://www.drupal.org/node/2670360 // @see https://www.drupal.org/node/2670454 if ($module == 'system') { continue; } throw new \LogicException("$module module does not define a schema for table '$table'."); } $this->container->get('database')->schema()->createTable($table, $schema); } } /** * Installs the storage schema for a specific entity type. * * @param string $entity_type_id * The ID of the entity type. */ protected function installEntitySchema($entity_type_id) { /** @var \Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityManagerInterface $entity_manager */ $entity_manager = $this->container->get('entity.manager'); $entity_type = $entity_manager->getDefinition($entity_type_id); $entity_manager->onEntityTypeCreate($entity_type); // For test runs, the most common storage backend is a SQL database. For // this case, ensure the tables got created. $storage = $entity_manager->getStorage($entity_type_id); if ($storage instanceof SqlEntityStorageInterface) { $tables = $storage->getTableMapping()->getTableNames(); $db_schema = $this->container->get('database')->schema(); $all_tables_exist = TRUE; foreach ($tables as $table) { if (!$db_schema->tableExists($table)) { $this->fail(SafeMarkup::format('Installed entity type table for the %entity_type entity type: %table', [ '%entity_type' => $entity_type_id, '%table' => $table, ])); $all_tables_exist = FALSE; } } if ($all_tables_exist) { $this->pass(SafeMarkup::format('Installed entity type tables for the %entity_type entity type: %tables', [ '%entity_type' => $entity_type_id, '%tables' => '{' . implode('}, {', $tables) . '}', ])); } } } /** * Enables modules for this test. * * This method does not install modules fully. Services and hooks for the * module are available, but the install process is not performed. * * To install test modules outside of the testing environment, add * @code * $settings['extension_discovery_scan_tests'] = TRUE; * @endcode * to your settings.php. * * @param string[] $modules * A list of modules to enable. Dependencies are not resolved; i.e., * multiple modules have to be specified individually. The modules are only * added to the active module list and loaded; i.e., their database schema * is not installed. hook_install() is not invoked. A custom module weight * is not applied. * * @throws \LogicException * If any module in $modules is already enabled. * @throws \RuntimeException * If a module is not enabled after enabling it. */ protected function enableModules(array $modules) { $trace = debug_backtrace(DEBUG_BACKTRACE_IGNORE_ARGS); if ($trace[1]['function'] === 'setUp') { trigger_error('KernelTestBase::enableModules() should not be called from setUp(). Use the $modules property instead.', E_USER_DEPRECATED); } unset($trace); // Perform an ExtensionDiscovery scan as this function may receive a // profile that is not the current profile, and we don't yet have a cached // way to receive inactive profile information. // @todo Remove as part of https://www.drupal.org/node/2186491 $listing = new ExtensionDiscovery(\Drupal::root()); $module_list = $listing->scan('module'); // In ModuleHandlerTest we pass in a profile as if it were a module. $module_list += $listing->scan('profile'); // Set the list of modules in the extension handler. $module_handler = $this->container->get('module_handler'); // Write directly to active storage to avoid early instantiation of // the event dispatcher which can prevent modules from registering events. $active_storage = $this->container->get('config.storage'); $extension_config = $active_storage->read('core.extension'); foreach ($modules as $module) { if ($module_handler->moduleExists($module)) { continue; } $module_handler->addModule($module, $module_list[$module]->getPath()); // Maintain the list of enabled modules in configuration. $extension_config['module'][$module] = 0; } $active_storage->write('core.extension', $extension_config); // Update the kernel to make their services available. $extensions = $module_handler->getModuleList(); $this->container->get('kernel')->updateModules($extensions, $extensions); // Ensure isLoaded() is TRUE in order to make // \Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManagerInterface::render() work. // Note that the kernel has rebuilt the container; this $module_handler is // no longer the $module_handler instance from above. $module_handler = $this->container->get('module_handler'); $module_handler->reload(); foreach ($modules as $module) { if (!$module_handler->moduleExists($module)) { throw new \RuntimeException("$module module is not enabled after enabling it."); } } } /** * Disables modules for this test. * * @param string[] $modules * A list of modules to disable. Dependencies are not resolved; i.e., * multiple modules have to be specified with dependent modules first. * Code of previously enabled modules is still loaded. The modules are only * removed from the active module list. * * @throws \LogicException * If any module in $modules is already disabled. * @throws \RuntimeException * If a module is not disabled after disabling it. */ protected function disableModules(array $modules) { // Unset the list of modules in the extension handler. $module_handler = $this->container->get('module_handler'); $module_filenames = $module_handler->getModuleList(); $extension_config = $this->config('core.extension'); foreach ($modules as $module) { if (!$module_handler->moduleExists($module)) { throw new \LogicException("$module module cannot be disabled because it is not enabled."); } unset($module_filenames[$module]); $extension_config->clear('module.' . $module); } $extension_config->save(); $module_handler->setModuleList($module_filenames); $module_handler->resetImplementations(); // Update the kernel to remove their services. $this->container->get('kernel')->updateModules($module_filenames, $module_filenames); // Ensure isLoaded() is TRUE in order to make // \Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManagerInterface::render() work. // Note that the kernel has rebuilt the container; this $module_handler is // no longer the $module_handler instance from above. $module_handler = $this->container->get('module_handler'); $module_handler->reload(); foreach ($modules as $module) { if ($module_handler->moduleExists($module)) { throw new \RuntimeException("$module module is not disabled after disabling it."); } } } /** * Renders a render array. * * @param array $elements * The elements to render. * * @return string * The rendered string output (typically HTML). */ protected function render(array &$elements) { // \Drupal\Core\Render\BareHtmlPageRenderer::renderBarePage calls out to // system_page_attachments() directly. if (!\Drupal::moduleHandler()->moduleExists('system')) { throw new \Exception(__METHOD__ . ' requires system module to be installed.'); } // Use the bare HTML page renderer to render our links. $renderer = $this->container->get('bare_html_page_renderer'); $response = $renderer->renderBarePage($elements, '', 'maintenance_page'); // Glean the content from the response object. $content = $response->getContent(); $this->setRawContent($content); $this->verbose('
' . Html::escape($content));
    return $content;
  }

  /**
   * Sets an in-memory Settings variable.
   *
   * @param string $name
   *   The name of the setting to set.
   * @param bool|string|int|array|null $value
   *   The value to set. Note that array values are replaced entirely; use
   *   \Drupal\Core\Site\Settings::get() to perform custom merges.
   */
  protected function setSetting($name, $value) {
    $settings = Settings::getInstance() ? Settings::getAll() : [];
    $settings[$name] = $value;
    new Settings($settings);
  }

  /**
   * Stops test execution.
   */
  protected function stop() {
    $this->getTestResultObject()->stop();
  }

  /**
   * Dumps the current state of the virtual filesystem to STDOUT.
   */
  protected function vfsDump() {
    vfsStream::inspect(new vfsStreamPrintVisitor());
  }

  /**
   * Returns the modules to enable for this test.
   *
   * @param string $class
   *   The fully-qualified class name of this test.
   *
   * @return array
   */
  private static function getModulesToEnable($class) {
    $modules = [];
    while ($class) {
      if (property_exists($class, 'modules')) {
        // Only add the modules, if the $modules property was not inherited.
        $rp = new \ReflectionProperty($class, 'modules');
        if ($rp->class == $class) {
          $modules[$class] = $class::$modules;
        }
      }
      $class = get_parent_class($class);
    }
    // Modules have been collected in reverse class hierarchy order; modules
    // defined by base classes should be sorted first. Then, merge the results
    // together.
    $modules = array_reverse($modules);
    return call_user_func_array('array_merge_recursive', $modules);
  }

  /**
   * {@inheritdoc}
   */
  protected function prepareTemplate(\Text_Template $template) {
    $bootstrap_globals = '';

    // Fix missing bootstrap.php when $preserveGlobalState is FALSE.
    // @see https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/phpunit/pull/797
    $bootstrap_globals .= '$__PHPUNIT_BOOTSTRAP = ' . var_export($GLOBALS['__PHPUNIT_BOOTSTRAP'], TRUE) . ";\n";

    // Avoid repetitive test namespace discoveries to improve performance.
    // @see /core/tests/bootstrap.php
    $bootstrap_globals .= '$namespaces = ' . var_export($GLOBALS['namespaces'], TRUE) . ";\n";

    $template->setVar([
      'constants' => '',
      'included_files' => '',
      'globals' => $bootstrap_globals,
    ]);
  }

  /**
   * Returns whether the current test method is running in a separate process.
   *
   * Note that KernelTestBase will run in a separate process by default.
   *
   * @return bool
   *
   * @see \Drupal\KernelTests\KernelTestBase::$runTestInSeparateProcess
   * @see https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/phpunit/pull/1350
   *
   * @deprecated in Drupal 8.4.x, for removal before the Drupal 9.0.0 release.
   *   KernelTestBase tests are always run in isolated processes.
   */
  protected function isTestInIsolation() {
    @trigger_error(__CLASS__ . '::' . __FUNCTION__ . '() is deprecated in Drupal 8.4.x, for removal before the Drupal 9.0.0 release. KernelTestBase tests are always run in isolated processes.', E_USER_DEPRECATED);
    return function_exists('__phpunit_run_isolated_test');
  }

  /**
   * BC: Automatically resolve former KernelTestBase class properties.
   *
   * Test authors should follow the provided instructions and adjust their tests
   * accordingly.
   *
   * @deprecated in Drupal 8.0.x, will be removed before Drupal 8.2.0.
   */
  public function __get($name) {
    if (in_array($name, [
      'public_files_directory',
      'private_files_directory',
      'temp_files_directory',
      'translation_files_directory',
    ])) {
      // @comment it in again.
      trigger_error(sprintf("KernelTestBase::\$%s no longer exists. Use the regular API method to retrieve it instead (e.g., Settings).", $name), E_USER_DEPRECATED);
      switch ($name) {
        case 'public_files_directory':
          return Settings::get('file_public_path', \Drupal::service('site.path') . '/files');

        case 'private_files_directory':
          return Settings::get('file_private_path');

        case 'temp_files_directory':
          return file_directory_temp();

        case 'translation_files_directory':
          return Settings::get('file_public_path', \Drupal::service('site.path') . '/translations');
      }
    }

    if ($name === 'configDirectories') {
      trigger_error(sprintf("KernelTestBase::\$%s no longer exists. Use config_get_config_directory() directly instead.", $name), E_USER_DEPRECATED);
      return [
        CONFIG_SYNC_DIRECTORY => config_get_config_directory(CONFIG_SYNC_DIRECTORY),
      ];
    }

    $denied = [
      // @see \Drupal\simpletest\TestBase
      'testId',
      'timeLimit',
      'results',
      'assertions',
      'skipClasses',
      'verbose',
      'verboseId',
      'verboseClassName',
      'verboseDirectory',
      'verboseDirectoryUrl',
      'dieOnFail',
      'kernel',
      // @see \Drupal\simpletest\TestBase::prepareEnvironment()
      'generatedTestFiles',
      // Properties from the old KernelTestBase class that has been removed.
      'keyValueFactory',
    ];
    if (in_array($name, $denied) || strpos($name, 'original') === 0) {
      throw new \RuntimeException(sprintf('TestBase::$%s property no longer exists', $name));
    }
  }

  /**
   * Prevents serializing any properties.
   *
   * Kernel tests are run in a separate process. To do this PHPUnit creates a
   * script to run the test. If it fails, the test result object will contain a
   * stack trace which includes the test object. It will attempt to serialize
   * it. Returning an empty array prevents it from serializing anything it
   * should not.
   *
   * @return array
   *   An empty array.
   *
   * @see vendor/phpunit/phpunit/src/Util/PHP/Template/TestCaseMethod.tpl.dist
   */
  public function __sleep() {
    return [];
  }

  /**
   * {@inheritdoc}
   */
  public static function assertEquals($expected, $actual, $message = '', $delta = 0.0, $maxDepth = 10, $canonicalize = FALSE, $ignoreCase = FALSE) {
    // Cast objects implementing MarkupInterface to string instead of
    // relying on PHP casting them to string depending on what they are being
    // comparing with.
    $expected = static::castSafeStrings($expected);
    $actual = static::castSafeStrings($actual);
    parent::assertEquals($expected, $actual, $message, $delta, $maxDepth, $canonicalize, $ignoreCase);
  }

}